Dyeing fibbqtts materials



Patented Sept. 1, 1931 UNITED STATE;

P'EENT FFICE MESN E ASSIGNMENTS, CORPORATION OF DELAWARE TO GENERALANILINE WORKS, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A

DYEIN G FIBR'OUS MATERIALS N0 Drawing. Application filed October 16,1925, Serial No. 62,932,

I have found that the treatment of fibrous materials with dyeing liquorsis considerably improved if the dyeing liquors are prepared with anaddition of a small quantity of sulfonic acids of such aromatichydrocarbons as contain alkyl groups with more than two carbon atoms,especially of naphthalene and similar hydrocarbons with several benzenerings containing propyl orv butyl (normal or iso) groups.

The term fibrous materials is employed in a broad way including alltextile fibres, for example wool. cotton, natural and artificial silkand the like, also ute, straw, paper, leather, hides, furs,- feathersand the like. and the dyeing process is the usual one which is carriedout in a dyeing liquor as contrasted with the little usual dyeing in thelather.

The said sulfonic acids enable the fibrous materials to be wetted veryrapidly in an excellent manner and make it unnecessary to apply anyspecial boiling operation to the goods before introducing them into thedyebath. The said sulfonic acids have the advantage of being insensitiveto acids or hard water. Consequently they can be employed not only inalkaline or neutral dyebaths but also in acid baths. In any case veryuniform dyeiugs are produced even with dyestuffs which make this veryditficult when dyed in the usual Way.

The sulfonic acids may be employed as such or in the state of theirsalts. Sonictimes it may be advantageous to use the free sulfonic acidsor their salts in mixture with aliphatic alcohols, especially the highermembers of this group that is to say such as contain more than 3 carbonatoms.

The following examples will more fully explain the manner of carryingthe invention into practice which, however, I do not wish to limit inany Way to these examples. The numbers after the trade names of the dyestuffs employed correspond to those of the Color Index, 1st edition,1924.

Example 1 A piece of woollen cloth is introduced into a lukewarm dyebathprepared from 0.6 per cent of Cyananthrol BGA (1077), 0.6 per and inGermany October 30, 1924.

cent of Azoflavine FF (147), 0.2 per cent of Sorbine Red (54.), 10 percent of Glaubers salt, 2 to 3 per cent of sulfuric acid of 66 degreesBaum and2 per cent of isopropylated naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodiumsalt, and stirred for about 10 minutes. The bath is then heated to theboil in the course of A to hour and after being kept boiling for onehour it is allowed to cool. The goods are then well rinsed.

Or the goods, for example hats in a half planked state, carbonized orimpure, are \vettcd in the evening before dyeing by handling for half anhour at 70 degrees centigrade in a bath containing 0.5 per cent ofisopropylated naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt, left in the bathduring the night and dyed in the next morning in the above describedmanner with an addition of 0.5 per cent of the said sulfonic acid sodiumsalt, 20 per cent of Glaubers salt and the necessary quantity of acid tothe dyebath.

If instead of the sodium salt the free sulfonic acid is employed, thesulfuric acid may be left out Wholly or partly.

Example 2 Unboile-d, raw cotton yarn is directly introduced at 50degrees to degrees centigrade into a dyebath containing 10 per cent ofIndanthrene Blue RS (1106) and, in each litre, 12 cubic centimetres ofcaustic soda lye of 40 degrees Baum, 1.5 grams of dry sodiumhydrosulfite and 2 to 4 grams of isopropylated naphthalene sulfonicacid, sodium salt, dyed for 4 to 1 hour as usual with indanthrenedyestuffs and finished by rinsing and soaping in a boiling bath.

Example 3 Unboiled, raw cotton troduced into a boiling dyebath preparedfrom 3 per cent of ()xamine Blue B (515) and, in each litre, 10 grams ofGlaubers salt and 1 to 3 grams of isopropylated naphtha-- lcne sulfonicacid, sodium salt. The goods are dyed for 1 hour in the manner usual fordirect dyestufls and finished as usual.

The developing of dyestuffs on the fibrous materials may be effected ina similar manner.

yarn is directly ininstead of the sodium salt oi isopropylatediaphthalene sulfonic acid, other soluble salts r the free acids orbutylated naphthalene mlfonic acid or their salts may be employed.

I claim:

1. A composition of matter suitable for :lyeing fibrous materials,comprising an aligathic alcohol and a naphthalene sulfonic acidcontaining at least one alkyl group with more than two'carbon atoms.

2. A composition ofimatter suitable for dyeing fibrouamaterials,comprising an alipathie alcohol with more than three carbon atoms and anaphthalene sulfonic acid containing at least one alkyl group with morethan two carbon atoms.

3. Baths, suitable for dyeing which are characterized in addition to thecontent of a. coloring matter by an addition of a sulfonic acid of anaromatic hydrocarbon containing in the nucleus at least one alkyl groupwith more than" 2 carbon atoms and of an aliphatic alcohol. t r

4. Baths, suitable for dyeing which are characterized in additionto thecontent of a coloringmatter by an addition of a naphthalene sulfonicacid containing in the nucleus at least one alkyl group with more than 2carbon atoms. and of an aliphatic alcohol with more'than three carbonatoms.

5. A composition of matter suitable for dyeing fibrous materialscomprising an aliphatic alcohol and a naphthalene sulionic acidcontaining at least one isopropyl group.

6. A composition of matter suitable for dyeing, fibrous materialscomprising an aliphatic alcohol with more than three carbon atoms and anaphthalenefsulfonic acid containingat leastone isopr'opylgroup. V

7. A composition of matter suitable for dyeing fibrous materialscomprising an aliphatic alcohol and a naphthalene sulfonic acidcontaining at least one butylgroup;

8. A composition of matter suitable for dyeing fibrous materialscomprising an -aliphatic alcohol with more than three carbon atoms anda'naphthalene sulfonic acid containing at least one butyl group.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JOSEPH fissLiiIN.

